110th CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 525
To amend title 28, United States Code, to provide for the appointment
of additional Federal circuit judges, to divide the Ninth Judicial Circuit
of the United States into 2 circuits, and for other purposes.
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
February 8, 2007
Mr. ENSIGN (for himself, Ms. MURKOWSKI, Mr. STEVENS, Mr. CRAIG, Mr. CRAPO,
Mr. INHOFE, and Mr. KYL) introduced the following bill; which was read twice
and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary
A BILL
To amend title 28, United States Code, to provide for the appointment
of additional Federal circuit judges, to divide the Ninth Judicial Circuit
of the United States into 2 circuits, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United
States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the `The Circuit Court of Appeals Restructuring
and Modernization Act of 2007'.
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.
(1) FORMER NINTH CIRCUIT- The term `former ninth circuit' means the ninth
judicial circuit of the United States as in existence on the day before
the effective date of this Act.
(2) NEW NINTH CIRCUIT- The term `new ninth circuit' means the ninth judicial
circuit of the United States established by the amendment made by section
3(2)(A).
(3) TWELFTH CIRCUIT- The term `twelfth circuit' means the twelfth judicial
circuit of the United States established by the amendment made by section
3(2)(B).
SEC. 3. NUMBER AND COMPOSITION OF CIRCUITS.
Section 41 of title 28, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in the matter preceding the table, by striking `thirteen' and inserting
`fourteen'; and
(A) by striking the item relating to the ninth circuit and inserting
the following:
`Ninth
California, Guam, Hawaii, Northern Mariana Islands.'
(B) by inserting after the item relating to the eleventh circuit the
following:
`Twelfth
Alaska, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington.'.
SEC. 4. JUDGESHIPS.
(a) New Judgeships- The President shall appoint, by and with the advice
and consent of the Senate, 5 additional circuit judges for the new ninth
circuit court of appeals, whose official duty station shall be in California.
(b) Temporary Judgeships-
(1) APPOINTMENT OF JUDGES- The President shall appoint, by and with the
advice and consent of the Senate, 2 additional circuit judges for the
former ninth circuit court of appeals, whose official duty stations shall
be in California.
(2) EFFECT OF VACANCIES- The first 2 vacancies occurring on the new ninth
circuit court of appeals 10 years or more after judges are first confirmed
to fill both temporary circuit judgeships created by this subsection shall
not be filled.
(c) Effective Date- This section shall take effect on the date of the enactment
of this Act.
SEC. 5. NUMBER OF CIRCUIT JUDGES.
The table contained in section 44(a) of title 28, United States Code, is
amended--
(1) by striking the item relating to the ninth circuit and inserting the
following:
20'
(2) by inserting after the item relating to the eleventh circuit the following:
14'.
SEC. 6. PLACES OF CIRCUIT COURT.
The table contained in section 48(a) of title 28, United States Code, is
amended--
(1) by striking the item relating to the ninth circuit and inserting the
following:
`Ninth
Honolulu, Pasadena, San Francisco.'
(2) by inserting after the item relating to the eleventh circuit the following:
`Twelfth
Las Vegas, Phoenix, Portland, Seattle.'.
SEC. 7. LOCATION OF TWELFTH CIRCUIT HEADQUARTERS.
The offices of the Circuit Executive of the Twelfth Circuit and the Clerk
of the Court of the Twelfth Circuit shall be located in Phoenix, Arizona.
SEC. 8. ASSIGNMENT OF CIRCUIT JUDGES.
Each circuit judge of the former ninth circuit who is in regular active
service and whose official duty station on the day before the effective
date of this Act--
(1) is in California, Guam, Hawaii, or the Northern Mariana Islands shall
be a circuit judge of the new ninth circuit as of such effective date;
and
(2) is in Alaska, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, or Washington
shall be a circuit judge of the twelfth circuit as of such effective date.
SEC. 9. ELECTION OF ASSIGNMENT BY SENIOR JUDGES.
Each judge who is a senior circuit judge of the former ninth circuit on
the day before the effective date of this Act may elect to be assigned to
the new ninth circuit or the twelfth circuit as of such effective date and
shall notify the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States
Courts of such election.
SEC. 10. SENIORITY OF JUDGES.
The seniority of each judge--
(1) who is assigned under section 8, or
(2) who elects to be assigned under section 9,
shall run from the date of commission of such judge as a judge of the former
ninth circuit.
SEC. 11. APPLICATION TO CASES.
The following apply to any case in which, on the day before the effective
date of this Act, an appeal or other proceeding has been filed with the
former ninth circuit:
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (3), if the matter has been submitted
for decision, further proceedings with respect to the matter shall be
had in the same manner and with the same effect as if this Act had not
been enacted.
(2) If the matter has not been submitted for decision, the appeal or proceeding,
together with the original papers, printed records, and record entries
duly certified, shall, by appropriate orders, be transferred to the court
to which the matter would have been submitted had this Act been in full
force and effect at the time such appeal was taken or other proceeding
commenced, and further proceedings with respect to the case shall be had
in the same manner and with the same effect as if the appeal or other
proceeding had been filed in such court.
(3) If a petition for rehearing en banc is pending on or after the effective
date of this Act, the petition shall be considered by the court of appeals
to which it would have been submitted had this Act been in full force
and effect at the time that the appeal or other proceeding was filed with
the court of appeals.
SEC. 12. TEMPORARY ASSIGNMENT OF CIRCUIT JUDGES AMONG CIRCUITS.
Section 291 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by adding at the
end the following:
`(c) The chief judge of the Ninth Circuit may, in the public interest and
upon request by the chief judge of the Twelfth Circuit, designate and assign
temporarily any circuit judge of the Ninth Circuit to act as circuit judge
in the Twelfth Circuit.
`(d) The chief judge of the Twelfth Circuit may, in the public interest
and upon request by the chief judge of the Ninth Circuit, designate and
assign temporarily any circuit judge of the Twelfth Circuit to act as circuit
judge in the Ninth Circuit.'.
SEC. 13. TEMPORARY ASSIGNMENT OF DISTRICT JUDGES AMONG CIRCUITS.
Section 292 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by adding at the
end the following:
`(f) The chief judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth
Circuit may in the public interest--
`(1) upon request by the chief judge of the Twelfth Circuit, designate
and assign 1 or more district judges within the Ninth Circuit to sit upon
the Court of Appeals of the Twelfth Circuit, or a division thereof, whenever
the business of that court so requires; and
`(2) designate and assign temporarily any district judge within the Ninth
Circuit to hold a district court in any district within the Twelfth Circuit.
`(g) The chief judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Twelfth
Circuit may in the public interest--
`(1) upon request by the chief judge of the Ninth Circuit, designate and
assign 1 or more district judges within the Twelfth Circuit to sit upon
the Court of Appeals of the Ninth Circuit, or a division thereof, whenever
the business of that court so requires; and
`(2) designate and assign temporarily any district judge within the Twelfth
Circuit to hold a district court in any district within the Ninth Circuit.
`(h) Any designations or assignments under subsection (f) or (g) shall be
in conformity with the rules or orders of the court of appeals of, or the
district within, as applicable, the circuit to which the judge is designated
or assigned.'.
SEC. 14. ADMINISTRATION.
The court of appeals for the ninth circuit as constituted on the day before
the effective date of this Act may take such administrative action as may
be required to carry out this Act and the amendments made by this Act. Such
court shall cease to exist for administrative purposes 2 years after the
date of enactment of this Act.
SEC. 15. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to
carry out this Act, including funds for additional court facilities.
SEC. 16. EFFECTIVE DATE.
Except as provided in section 4(c), this Act and the amendments made by
this Act shall take effect 12 months after the date of enactment of this
Act.
END
